News From Terre Haute, Indiana

Valley Life

August 5, 2012

PAW PRINTS: Cancer is the No. 1 cause of death in companion animals

TERRE HAUTE — Cancer is the No. 1 cause of death in companion animals in the United States, according to Laura Garrett, veterinary oncologist at the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine in Urbana.

For cats, a common type of cancer is lymphoma. Originating in the white blood cells of the immune system, the disease often attacks the lymph nodes causing them to enlarge.

“Lymphoma is common in middle-aged to older cats,” Garrett said.

Typically, it begins in the tissues associated with the immune system (lymph nodes, spleen, liver and bone marrow) although it can start in almost any part of the body.

The gastrointestinal variety of lymphoma is the most common form in cats, accounting for about 33 percent of all tumors. Typical symptoms experienced are weight loss, loss of appetite, lethargy, vomiting and diarrhea.

“If a young cat is diagnosed with lymphoma it is usually feline leukemia (FeLV) positive,” Garrett said. Except for the gastrointestinal type of lymphoma, this virus is linked to most forms of lymphoma. The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) can also increase the risk of developing lymphoma. Cats exposed to second-hand smoke are at greater risk.

To diagnose gastrointestinal lymphoma, a fine needle is inserted into the intestinal mass, a minimally invasive procedure. The biopsy is examined under a microscope. If it contains a large percentage of white blood cells (lymphocytes), it is diagnosed as lymphoma.

Because lymphoma is a form of cancer that can infect many different parts of the body (systemic), chemotherapy is necessary. Generally, lymphoma responds well to this type of treatment. Although each patient is different, and each form of lymphoma responds differently to specific drugs, it’s difficult to determine the percentage of cats that will go into remission.

“It is important to note that because veterinary medicine uses lower dosages of chemotherapy than human medicine, the majority of patients receiving treatment maintain a good quality of life,” Garrett said. “In addition, because a cat’s hair does not continually grow like humans, they usually do not lose their fur coat during treatment.”

The average survival time, with chemotherapy for high-grade (large cell) lymphoma is 2.7 months. Cats with low-grade (small cell) lymphoma average 17 months to 2 years or longer.

• Meet Orchid

Orchid hopes to go home very soon, although the nice folks at the Terre Haute Humane Shelter have tried to make her very comfortable during her temporary stay. Orchid is a 2-year-old petite cat and would love to be your cuddle partner. Call (812) 232-0293 and ask how you can meet Orchid.

 

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