His connection to 1996 lingers.
“Yeah, I still, occasionally, get asked about it,” Bob Gardner said in a telephone interview last week.
Today, Gardner serves as executive director of the National Federation of State High School Associations, which is based in Indianapolis. In ’96, he sat in the hottest seat in the Hoosier state outside of the governor’s chair, as commissioner of the Indiana High School Athletic Association. Gardner led the IHSAA through its most controversial decision — the shift from Indiana’s unique, single-class basketball tournament to a four-class system.
On April 29, 1996, the IHSAA board of directors voted 12-5 to begin multi-class state tournaments for basketball and other team sports in the 1997-98 school year. An 86-year-old tradition ended. The following morning, the Chicago Tribune headline read, “Hoosier Hysteria Gets Ax.”
Gardner presided over the change, and absorbed much blame for it. Yet, he didn’t cause it.
As he explained to the Tribune-Star a week before the historic vote, principals from member schools began pushing for class tournaments in 1993. That year, a “class sports study committee” started weighing the pros and cons. By autumn 1995, following an IHSAA principals meeting, a recommendation for four-class state tourneys was on the table. The board of directors put the issue on their April meeting agenda. The controversy grew in the intervening months. Gardner heard lots of opinions, and received lots of mail.
“Basically, when most people refer to the issue, they think the IHSAA is promoting this,” Gardner said in an April 21, 1996, Tribune-Star story. “They don’t stop to think that we’re a group of member schools. This issue came up back in 1993 because member schools’ principals brought it forward. The [IHSAA] staff didn’t say, ‘This is what [we] need to do.’”
Gardner’s characterization of the situation was proven that September. After the April vote, traditionalists fighting to keep the single-class tourney gathered enough signatures on a petition to force a never-before-used statewide referendum of principals at every IHSAA member school. Despite their efforts, that vote only reaffirmed the earlier decision, by a solid 220 to 157 margin.
Looking back 16 years later, Gardner said, “I’m comfortable with my role” in that landmark process.
“I did what I thought was best,” added Gardner, who moved from the IHSAA to the NFSHA in 2000.
Indiana conducted its first four-class basketball tournament in 1998. It’s been that way ever since.
Opposition to that system flared up this year. A few state legislators tried to force the IHSAA to return to a single-class tournament, but a compromise — something rare in Indiana politics these days — resulted in a series of 11 town hall meetings on the topic around the state. At one of those sessions last month at Connersville, state Sen. Mike Delph, R-Carmel, told the audience, according to the Indianapolis Star, “The time is right for public feedback. We didn’t have that [in 1996].”
Gardner recalls plenty of public debate throughout that year.
“I just don’t agree with [the senator’s assertion] at all,” he said. “Through various and sundry levels of communications — and, certainly the media was a huge part of that — everybody had an opportunity to be heard.”
Though Gardner still believes the shift to multi-class tournaments was proper, he acknowledges the shortcomings.
Attendance at last season’s four-class tournament — from sectionals through the state final — hit an all-time low of 385,024. Tourney turnout has dropped 50 percent since 1997, according to the Star.
“That certainly has been greater than anybody anticipated it would be,” Gardner conceded.
The casual fan has been lost. People with no children in school and no relatives playing on the teams buy fewer tickets than in the single-class days.
Nonetheless, the decline in state tournament attendance began in 1964, the Star story points out.
Other factors, beyond the multi-class format, have also contributed to the sparser crowds, Gardner said. The March high school tournament now competes for attention with the massively popular NCAA “Big Dance,” which routinely includes Indiana colleges, and Final Fours and regionals played in Indianapolis venues. More families leave the state for spring break in March, Gardner said. Other prep sports have grown, too, he added.
One misstep, Gardner said, involved keeping the Hoosier Dome (later the RCA Dome) as the IHSAA state finals site from 1990 to 1999.
“I’ve often said, in hindsight, probably the worst thing that we did was to stay in the Dome too long,” he said.
The fascination surrounding Indiana University recruit Damon Bailey and his Bedford North Lawrence teammates led the IHSAA to move its state finals from Market Square Arena (17,490 capacity) to the vast Hoosier Dome in 1990. Bailey and the Stars delivered, winning the championship game over Concord 63-60, with a national record attendance of 41,046 fans. For the first time ever, 15,000 tickets were available to the general public. They sold out.
“Up to that point in time, the demand exceeded the supply,” Gardner said. So why not move to the Dome?
In following years, though, demand was not so intense. The tradition of fans of the state finals teams lining up at midweek to secure tickets through their school faded, because plenty would be on sale on the day of the game in the Hoosier Dome. “There was an immediate drop in attendance,” Gardner recalled, “and that continued to decline.”
Despite that slide, other states still envy the drawing power of Indiana’s four-class tournament.
“Attendance remains strong for high school sports around the country,” Gardner said, “and when we [at the National Federation of State High School Associations] mention Indiana, other states say, ‘What are they talking about [referring to low attendance]? We’d trade places with them anytime.” Outsiders also marvel at the fact that every Indiana school plays in the tournament, he added, because in some states, teams must qualify to make the field. Hoosier Hysteria still exists, Gardner contended, pointing to Edinburgh’s first semistate appearance since 1951 in this year’s Class A tourney.
Much of America knows Indiana high school basketball through the movie “Hoosiers.” The film parallels the real-life story of the Milan Indians, the small-town team that won it all in 1954. That amazing saga was never repeated before Indiana dropped its single-class tourney in 1997. The little guys won sectionals (once a cherished accomplishment in Hoosier hoops), regionals and a few semistates, but never the grand prize.
Since 1998, small schools have crowned their own state champs every year, along with classes 2A, 3A and 4A. Gardner, who once coached and taught at Milan, sees positives in that format. While mystique and the casual fan have been lost with the end of the single-class system, Gardner believes the chance for more kids to experience long runs in multi-class tournaments outweighs those sacrifices.
“Having that opportunity, and having that [extended] competition, better serves the student athlete,” he said.
Mark Bennett can be reached at (812) 231-4377 or mark.bennett@tribstar.com.
Mark Bennett Opinion
MARK BENNETT: Bittersweet 16
Former IHSAA commissioner looks back on 1996 decision to adopt multi-class basketball tournament
- Mark Bennett Opinion
-
-
Mark Bennett: High-profile mural connects historical dots from city to river
At 96 feet wide and 2 stories tall, the power, impact and value of the Wabash will be evident.
-
MARK BENNETT: Life at face value: Mom’s simple advice still presents a valuable daily challenge
Most moms don’t base their advice on scientific research.
(Unless, of course, your mother is a scientific researcher. If so, carry a No. 2 pencil and take good notes.) -
MARK BENNETT: Should I stay or should I go?
Some have their Bill Clinton-era Cavalier packed (with the trunk bungee-ed shut), apartment cleaned (except for the fridge), and iPhone GPS locked onto the fastest route out of Terre Haute. Others are staying — until they find a better job, or because they’re starting a career here, or because this town feels like home. In each case, a new stage of life begins today.
-
College Class of '13 gets a little extra advice
Local college grads will hear commencement speakers offer life and career advice this month. We’re offering them an extra dose here from folks who’ve found success in various vocations and regions of the nation. Many have Terre Haute roots.
-
MARK BENNETT: Spirited response to a rising river
The power within the Wabash revealed itself last week.
-
MARK BENNETT: Littered with irony: Why do people callously discard their trash, and who are they?
Though they aren’t acknowledged by the U.S. Census Bureau, there are basically two demographic groups of people … Those who would dump their old toilet on the banks of the Wabash River or a rural roadside. And those who wouldn’t.
-
MARK BENNETT: Performing under the radar: Toiling for years behind the scenes, Terre Haute native J.T. Corenflos finally earned a splash of musical recognition
People who diligently work to make others shine are a rare breed.
-
Season of Day 2s arrives
Calendars in Cincinnati contain one extra holiday — Opening Day, traditionally the first Monday in April.
-
MARK BENNETT: Amid tragedy and chaos, the hopeful smiles of youth could not be repressed
The image jars the viewer. On its own, the old photograph appears ordinary. Three smiling kids.
-
MARK BENNETT: A century later, ‘On the Banks of the Wabash’ still rises above Indiana politics
Music and politics share one commonality — people who like a style different from yours are nuts.
-
MARK BENNETT: Digit dialing a thing of the past, but telephoning is still a numbers game
You’ve heard of child prodigies who can play Mozart on piano or perform calculus at the age of 5.
That wasn’t me. -
MARK BENNETT: After years of preparation, 60 immigrants will gather in Terre Haute on March 14 to pledge their allegiance to the United States of America
It will have been a long and difficult road, but it will be an emotional moment when they raise their right hands and begin the oath of citizenship
-
MARK BENNETT: The fall and rise of a ‘Young Titan’
Broken. Humiliated. Discarded. Finished.
Few of us think of Winston Churchill in such bleak terms. -
MARK BENNETT: Trying to keep momentum of acceptance within the community a key part of Jeff Lorick’s job
Second-graders’ eyes and minds function differently.
They see the future unjaded. Their possibilities stand tall, not yet choked by the adult weeds of prejudice and bitterness. -
MARK BENNETT: For Glenda Ritz, being educator, ‘not a politician’ still makes good political sense
Educator, not a politician.
Glenda Ritz emphasizes that distinction about herself. -
MARK BENNETT: Falling short of the big prize will produce lessons nonetheless
This is a day for Roman numerals.
Americans seldom use them. And when we do, humility is not our purpose. -
MARK BENNETT: Forgotten Message: Advice from ‘The Mick’ should be remembered in wake of Lance Armstrong’s troubles
The two comments were almost identical.
-
MARK BENNETT: A sense of Americana constant passenger as iconic Corvette motors through milestone birthday
On my last ride at the wheel of a ’Vette, I was a wide-eyed teenager, guiding my brother’s almost-new, orange 1976 model.
-
MARK BENNETT: Sculptor from North Carolina to capture image of Indiana’s first black state legislator
Well-meaning parents try to instill strong character in their kids.
“Don’t be afraid to stand up for your beliefs,” moms and dads will insist, “even if you stand alone.” -
MARK BENNETT: Heart ailments, avoidable health issues affect high numbers of Vigo residents
Many folks in Vigo County will analyze digits on their bathroom scales this month. After all, January and fitness resolutions are traditional partners.
-
MARK BENNETT: For some people in the Wabash Valley, happy holidays require a little help
Picture yourself as a kid, not yet 5 years old, growing up in a small house in Terre Haute.
-
MARK BENNETT: Beware Ignorance and Want and reap the benefits of early education
Pretend that Charles Dickens is about to become Indiana’s next governor.
-
MARK BENNETT: In spirit of season, calculate your fiscal cliff impact, then argue
Envision “chestnuts roasting on an open fire.”
-
MARK BENNETT: Members of Congress should be free to consider all sides of an issue
Attempting to trump the U.S. Constitution requires some nerve.
-
MARK BENNETT: An unbudging Congress standing on opposing sides accomplishes little
Sausage patties, hugging a scoop of scrambled eggs and a couple slices of toast on a plate, and chased with nearby steaming black coffee.
-
MARK BENNETT: Hoosier voters issue mandate on Bennett’s school reforms
Mike Pence, Mitch Daniels and Indiana legislators should respect the votes of 1,315,026 Hoosiers.
-
MARK BENNETT: Elections, governing would look a lot different if everybody voted
A raffle ticket purchase usually comes with a disclaimer — “you must be present to win.”
-
MARK BENNETT: On Election Day, as Vigo County goes, so goes the United States
Hempstead sounds like a fine place.
-
MARK BENNETT: Upcoming PBS documentary focuses on nation’s voting irregularities, through Hoosier eyes
As America prepares to choose its governmental leaders, voters are being relentlessly asked how much they trust elected officials.
-
MARK BENNETT: Quest for knowledge keeps going as Elliott Gould prepares to speak in Terre Haute
As our conversation began, Elliott Gould was in the midst of learning. He was reading a book.
- More Mark Bennett Opinion Headlines
-




