TERRE HAUTE —
The past two weeks have focused on indentured servitude in America. An indentured servant was a poor person who immigrated to the colonies, most often between 1607 and the 1770s, whose passage was paid for by another person. In return, the immigrant then had to work for up to 7 years for the person who imported him/her. The immigrant was referred to as a bound person because he/she was bound to the master by contract to serve for a period of years.
Many of us are descended from one or more indentured servants and don’t even know it. It’s often difficult to trace whether an ancestor was a bound person or not, because there is no single record that lists all indentured servants. There are two free and informative online databases, however, that can be very helpful in locating indentured servant ancestors.
The Virtual Jamestown website at www.virtualjamestown.org/indentures/about_indentures.html has databases that list a total of 15,000 entries from the port cities of Bristol, Middlesex, and London in England. The Bristol Register spans the years 1654-1686 and contains 10,000 entries of indentured servants who emigrated from the port of Bristol during those years. The Middlesex Register, 1682-1685, contains about 1,000 indentured servants who sailed from Middlesex. The London I Register for the year 1682 includes 1,000 names of indentured servants and the London II Register covers the years 1718-1759, listing 3,000 names.
Information in these registers can consist of the date, servant’s name, gender, age, marital status, place of origin, occupation, parents’ names, their occupations and place of origin, destination, length of indenture, ship’s name, ship’s captain, witnesses to contract, agent’s name, place of origin, gender, and occupation. Not all of this information will be available for every indenture, however. The search engine allows the user to check all four registers at once.
A second online database at pricegen.com/immigrantservant/search/simple.php allows the user to search from a list of more than 15,000 immigrant servants’ names from various records in the colonies. Information that can be obtained from this database are the servant’s name, gender, family status, whether landowner, convict, or literate, length of indenture, year of indenture, location, master’s name, and proof of indentured status. This last piece of information can come from any of dozens of records, as there was no central location for recording indentured servitude.
The above web site uses information from the following sources to prove indentured servant status, focusing on the Chesapeake Bay area: church registers (the term “servant” was included after a person’s name), court records (including infractions and punishments on the part of the servant or the master denying the servant’s rights), deeds (owners buying and selling their indentured servants, and the servants selling their “freedom dues” at the end of servitude), indentured servants’ contracts (compiled by county clerks into books in Pennsylvania, but not kept in the Chesapeake area), journals and personal narratives (very few exist), land patents (granted under the “headright” system–this will be discussed next week), merchant account books (recording business transactions of buying and selling servant contracts), newspapers (advertising for runaway indentured servants), passenger lists (from the ships that brought them over), probate records (servants named in wills because they could be inherited if their master died before their servitude was completed), and a number of English sources. All of these are listed in greater detail at pricegen.com/resources/servants.htm.
History
GENEALOGY: Databases can help track down indenture records
- History
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Historical Treasure: The 1947 Terre Haute Phillies and the history of baseball in America’s Crossroads
As another spring blossoms, it is time for another season of baseball to descend upon the city of Terre Haute.
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HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: George Lance dominates intercity golf rivalry in 1927
What was expected to be a close match between two Terre Haute golfers for the 1927 Indiana Amateur Golf championship turned out to be a cakewalk.
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GENEALOGY: Follow ‘Tips on Caring for Documents and Photographs’
I recently read an article called “Tips on Caring for Documents and Photographs,” by Tamara Hemmerlein, Hoosier Heritage Alliance Coordinator for the Indiana Historical Society
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LOOKING BACK: 1988: Teachers issued rubber gloves to use in management of blood, other body fluids
Dorothy Jerse looks back at local history from 10, 25 and 50 years ago as reported in the Tribune and Tribune-Star.
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Historical Perspective: Wabash Valley is home to prominent comedy opera stars
Comic opera, a genre consisting of light hearted musicals, was introduced in Europe during the 17th century.
In the 19th century, several female vocalists from the Wabash Valley, earned national celebrity by using that art form to excel. -
Looking back: In 2003, Storm rips off half of Honey Creek Fire Department’s roof
A Saturday morning storm ripped off half of the Honey Creek Fire Department’s roof and caused heavy damage in Allendale. Wind gusts topping 60 miles an hour brought down power lines and trees throughout the county. Hail almost an inch thick and 1.5 inches of rain fell in less than an hour.
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Abundance of shoe stores existed downtown
Spring to me means putting away heavy winter sweaters and bringing out fun lighter sundresses. It also means the possibility of shopping for a new dress or even new shoes.
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Genalogy: Handwriting in 1700s-1800s Copperplate or English Round Hand
The primary style of old handwriting in the mid 1700s through the 1800s is sometimes called Copperplate or English Round Hand. This style of writing is much more recognizable and readable than the older Secretary Hand style discussed last week, and it is much less ornate as well.
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The death of Irish Kate Preston
The lifeless body of Catherine Preston, commonly referred to as “Irish Kate,” was found Saturday morning, Oct. 5, 1895, on a sandbar at the western edge of the Wabash River wagon bridge.
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Looking back: 2003: Sherertz sets nine-hole school record
Terre Haute North Vigo High School’s nine-hole record at Hulman Links was broken by golf team member Matt Sherertz who shot a 4-under-par 32 in a team-record win over Northview.
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Historical perspectives: Railroads were models of innovation and growth in Haute
Railroads have played an important part in the building of our nation and in the history of Terre Haute. It is no small wonder that these amazing machines were turned into children’s toys, as well as models for the more mature train enthusiast.
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‘Foreign’ letters to confuse a genealogist
Any serious family researcher will at some time or another encounter old documents in an older handwriting style that need to be read and deciphered.
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1988: 700 teachers unite in protest
At least 700 teachers were absent from their Vigo County School Corp. schools as part of a job action to protest lack of progress in contract negotiations.
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Genealogy: Vigo County Gold Star Honor Roll
FamilySearch International recently announced “the release of significant new enhancements to its web services that allow visitors to collaboratively build their family tree online, preserve and share precious family photos and stories, and receive personal research assistance–all for free.”
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‘Far-sound’ rings in a new era
This week’s Historic Treasure is an invention that changed life, as we know it in a great way, the telephone.
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Historical perspective: Venard: soldier in the War of 1812
His name was Stephen Venard. For more than 50 years he resided in Terre Haute, without fanfare, with his wife and a daughter. Much of that time was spent in the 400 block on N. First St.
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Looking Back: 2003: Mark Cook brings blues home
Mark Cook returned to Terre Haute to play with fellow musicians in the Cook-N-Blues group at Brazil and Terre Haute.
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Historical perspective: Attempted carriage-jacking thwarted
Nineteenth century newspapers covered several topics that might astonish current readers. For example, the front page of the Terre Haute Weekly Gazette on Nov. 16, 1878 – 135 years ago – reported on the bold attempt by four “villains” to rob two women riding in a carriage immediately west of the fairgrounds at Brown and Wabash avenues:
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Genealogy: Dutchman seeks family of missing soldier
Query: I live in the Netherlands and recently I have adopted the name of American PFC Joseph P. Nelson at the Netherlands American Cemetery in Margraten. He was killed in action on Dec. 5, 1944, and his name is on the Walls of the Missing.
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Sewing Society keeps hospital in linen, supplies
When Tracy Pruitt came across a small box of old ledgers and receipt books recently, his first impulse was to throw it away. But he decided to sit down and examine its contents. In doing so, he discovered a story.
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Looking Back: 1963: Officials prepare for disaster
City officials were studying survival plans in case of a natural disaster or attack by an enemy source. Gilbert Leonard was the director of Vigo County Defense.
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Genealogy: Gold Star Honor Roll: Vigo County
This week continues with the Gold Star Honor Roll (those who died in WW I) from the Wabash Valley. The Vigo County list is long and will be run in three parts.
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River boat models capture glory of former culture
In the River portion of the latest exhibit at the Vigo County Historical Society museum are two models of river paddle boats created by Alfred F. Nehf.
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Historical perspective: Babe Holland: advocate for equality
Wherever Terre Haute native William Sylvester Holland roamed, he made an impact.
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Historical Perspective: Terre Haute’s architectural heritage
Much more than is commonly recognized, Terre Haute has a rich and diverse legacy of landscapes designed by some of the nation’s most talented architects.
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Genealogy: A search for names from broken stones
This week there is a query about an old cemetery in Parke County, that is believed to have been destroyed:
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Hidden treasures: Laborers phased out by machines
Today’s historical treasure will intone to many people an early experience of practical labor. For others, this artifact might lack a contextual notion.
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Looking back: 2003: Two men rob Terre Haute First National Bank
Two men robbed Terre Haute First National Bank’s banking center at Southland Plaza, South Seventh Street and Margaret Avenue. It was the first bank robbery in Terre Haute since November 2000.
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Interurban makes city Crossroads of America
Electric transportation is not a new technology. With the arrival of the electric car we are reminded that electric technology has a long history in Terre Haute.
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The tale of the Wabash River
On March 14, 1913, the Indiana General Assembly adopted “On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away,” by Terre Haute native Paul Dresser, as Indiana’s state song.
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